3种果树伤流液中氮素形态分析

以核桃、猕猴桃和葡萄为试材,分析和比较了3种果树伤流液中游离氨基酸、硝态氮和铵态氮的含量。结果表明,3种果树伤流液中氨基酸有1216种,各种氨基酸含量不同。春季,总氨基酸含量核桃最多,葡萄最少。猕猴桃伤流液中硝态氮含量较高,达205.252 mg·L-1,葡萄次之,而核桃伤流液中硝态氮含量很低,仅有0.495 mg·L-1 。3种果树伤流液中铵态氮含量很少,低于1.2 mg·L-1。西北林学院学报21卷第3期禹 婷等3种果树伤流液中氮素形态分析     

土壤含水量对粳稻水晶3号伤流强度的影响

在盆栽条件下,采用不同土壤水分的处理,从齐穗期开始对基部节间伤流强度与穗颈节间伤流强度进行测定。结果表明,基部节间与穗颈节间的伤流强度差异显著,但它们在不同时期的变化趋势却大体相同。它们之间的差异说明穗颈节间的伤流强度不但与根系活力有关,可能与叶片、茎鞘及库容活性也有密切联系。土壤含水量达到100%时有利于水稻的中后期生长。     

不同穗型水稻伤流强度的比较研究

为探讨穗直立程度不同的水稻品种茎秆不同部位伤流强度的差异,在田间条件下选用穗直立程度不同的3个水稻品种沈农265、豫粳6号和水晶3号,系统研究了基部节间、中间茎节和穗颈节间伤流强度的动态变化。结果表明：（1）同一穗型水稻品种不同部位的伤流强度随生育期的变化有很大差异,以基部节间伤流强度最大,其次为中间茎节,穗茎节伤流强度最小;（2）不同穗型的水稻品种基部节间、中间茎节、穗颈节的伤流强度变化趋势基本一致,其总体趋势是下降的;（3）弯曲穗型的水稻品种不同部位伤流强度一般要比直立穗型的高。     

水稻籽粒中乙烯和ACC对土壤水分的反应及其与籽粒灌浆的关系

以武运粳8号(粳稻)和扬稻6号(籼稻)为材,自抽穗后9 d至成熟期进行保持浅水层(WW)、土壤轻度落干(MD)和土壤水分严重亏缺(SD)3种处理。观察在不同土壤水分条件下灌浆期籽粒中乙烯和1-氨基环丙烷1-羧酸（ACC）浓度的变化及其与籽粒灌浆的关系,并使用化学调控物质进行验证。结果表明,MD显著提高籽粒灌浆速率和粒重,SD明显降低籽粒灌浆速率和粒重。籽粒中乙烯释放速率和ACC浓度在MD中降低,在SD中增加。籽粒乙烯释放速率及根系伤流液中ACC浓度与籽粒中ACC浓度呈极显著的正相关。籽粒灌浆速率与乙烯释放速率呈极显著负相关。在花后9~13 d喷施乙烯合成的抑制物质氨基－乙氧基乙烯基甘氨酸(AVG),明显降低籽粒中ACC的浓度和乙烯的释放速率,显著提高了籽粒灌浆速率和粒重以及籽粒中的蔗糖合成酶（SuSase）、ADP葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶（AGPase）和可溶性淀粉合成酶（SSSase）活性;喷施乙烯释放的促进物质乙烯利,结果则相反。表明结实期土壤轻度落干或适度干旱处理可以抑制水稻体内乙烯的产生,促进籽粒灌浆。     

Determination of Normal Values Using an Automated Coagulation Timer for Activated Coagulation Time and its Application in Dogs with Hemophilia

The present study was performed to determine normal values for the Medtronic HemoTec automated activated coagulation time (ACT) analyzer (Medtronic HemoTec Inc, Parker, CO, distributed in Switzerland by Convergenza AG, Vaduz, Liechtenstein), and to evaluate its ability to detect dogs with hemophilia. ACT was measured in 43 healthy dogs presented to the Companion Animal Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, with the Medtronic HemoTec ACT analyzer to determine normal values. The mean +/- 2 standard deviations (SDs) of the values obtained was defined as the normal range. ACT was measured 8-10 times on the same day in 6 dogs to determine repeatability. ACT also was measured in 11 dogs with hemophilia and compared with a conventional visual ACT measurement test and with the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). ACT values of the 43 dogs used to determine normal values ranged from 66.5 to 97.0 seconds (mean, 79.3 seconds; SD, 7.35 seconds; median, 78.5 seconds). A range of 64-95 seconds (mean +/- 2 SDs) was defined as the normal range for the tested device. Repeatability was poor (r = 0.256). ACT values measured with the automated device did not correlate with ACT values measured with a conventional visual test or with APTT Sensitivity of the test was 90.9%, specificity was 98.0%, and accuracy was 96.7%. Variability in the test results was large and may lead to incorrect results. The automated measurement device was not superior to the conventional visual method in evaluating dogs with hemophilia.     

桦树汁加工利用研究进展

桦树汁含有丰富的营养成分和生物活性物质。本文综述了近１０年来我国在桦树汁采收,浓缩及饮料、食品等加工利用技术方面的研究进展     

干旱、外源ABA和不同pH溶液对玉米木质部汁液pH的影响

干旱胁迫和外源ABA处理玉米幼苗后 ,根、茎的木质部汁液pH升高 ,叶中木质部汁液 pH略有降低 ;不同 pH外源溶液处理也都不同程度改变了木质部汁液 pH ,其中以 pH值为 6的外源溶液处理后的效果最明显。     

土壤干旱苹果幼树茎木质部脱落酸的来源分析

本文以苹果幼树为试材,采用根系半干旱处理,研究蒸腾流从根系开始上行所经器官、组织脱落酸（ＡＢＡ）浓度的变化规律,试验结果认为,①根系ＡＢＡ浓度的增加是ＡＢＡ浓度整体水平增高的启动因子。②茎木质部汁液所含ＡＢＡ来源于根系和叶片,③叶片下表皮层具有积累ＡＢＡ的能力。     

Suitability of plant physiological methods to estimate the transpiration of agricultural crops

Transpiration is the main part of the water balance in the system soil-plant during the vegetation period. Its determination or calculation is essential for modeling of soil moisture content or solute transport. Transpiration is difficult to quantify because it is influenced by the atmosphere, the soil, and the plants. This paper describes the potential and limitations of plant physiological methods (sap flow, gas exchange, leaf water potential) to estimate the transpiration. A weighable lysimeter was used as reference method. Results are shown for corn [Zea mays L.] and rape [Brassica napus L.]) for the years 1998 and 1999. At days without rain the diurnal transpiration rates, determined by the plant physiological methods and by the lysimeter differ by less than 12%. The results demonstrate that the plant physiological methods applied are important for an understanding of the complex transpiration process. Limitations lie in the difficulties in up-scaling, and the impossibility of measurements of the absolute actual transpiration rates of agricultural crops for longer periods like months or years.     

毛乌素沙地樟子松蒸腾变化规律及其与微气象因子的关系

本研究采用由热扩散植物液流技术测算得到的时间步长10 min的樟子松蒸腾速率数据,结合同步观测得到的冠层微气象要素值,分析了毛乌素沙区20年生樟子松主要生长季节蒸腾耗水规律及其冠层微气象的关系.结果表明:(1)樟子松蒸腾速率具有明显的时间变化特征.多云天气日,蒸腾速率日内变化总体呈多峰曲线趋势,单株蒸腾速率(Tr)在4-9月各月白天(6:00-19:00)的平均值为0.36～0.85 L·h-1;晴天日,除9月蒸腾速率日内变化呈多峰曲线趋势外,其余各月总体趋势呈单峰曲线,9月时Tr在10:00左右、13:00左右、15:00左右出现峰值,在14:00左右出现谷值.4-8月各月日内Tr在10:00左右出现峰值.4-9月各月Tr白天平均值为0.37～0.83 L·h-1;阴天天气日,蒸腾速率日内变化总体呈单峰曲线趋势,日内Tr最大值出现在10:00左右.4-9月各月Tr白天(6:00-19:00)平均值为0.29～0.63 L·h-1.在日际变化或季节变化方面,从4月份起,樟子松蒸腾耗水量逐渐增加,月耗水量在7月达到最高值,此后有所减小.4-9月总耗水量为1 143.7 mm,日平均为6.25 mm,7月份月耗水总量相对最大.4、5、6、7、8及9月耗水量分别占主要生长季节总量的10.76%、13.62%、14.05%、24.56%、19.47%、17.52%.(2)主要生长期内,Tr与冠层太阳总辐射(Ra),空气温度(Ta)、湿度(RH),风速(V)等气象要素有很好的复相关性,并通过显著性检验(a=0.01),且各月内影响樟子松蒸腾的最主要气象因子都是Ra.